Transport Topics
- Aerodrome
- Alternative name for Airfield.
- Aircraft
- Any structure, machine, or contrivance, especially a vehicle, designed to be supported by the air.
- Airfield
- An area set aside for the operation of aircraft.
- Alternative Fuels
- Substitutes for traditional liquid, oil-derived motor vehicle fuels like gasoline and diesel.
- Astronaut
- A person who rides in a space vehicle.
- Automobile
- A self-powered vehicle that travels on land typically with three or four wheels and with 2 to 9 seats.
- Auxiliary Power Unit
- A device that converts high density fuel into electrical power.
- B100 Biodiesel
- 100% biodiesel.
- B20 Biodiesel
- A blend of biodiesel fuel with petroleum-based diesel where 20% of the volume is biodiesel.
- Ballast
- Any liquid or solid weight placed in a vehicle to change the weight distribution or trim.
- Ballast Tank
- Tanks at the bottom or sides of a ship which are filled with seawater for ballasting purpose.
- Balloon
- A lighter than air craft. The Montgolfier brothers made the first flight in a hot air balloon in 1783.
- Bin
- A set of emissions standards under the new U.S. Tier 2 emissions program.
- Biodiesel
- Diesel fuel derived from renewable lipid feedstocks, such as vegetable oils and animal fats.
- Biodiesel B100
- 100% (neat) biodiesel. The mono alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from renewable lipid feedstocks, such as vegetable oils and animal fats, diesel engines
- Biodiesel B20
- A blend of biodiesel fuel with petroleum-based diesel where 20% of the volume is biodiesel.
- Boat
- A small craft that floats on water.
- Brunel, Isambard Kingdom
- Creator of the Great Western Railway, bridge builder and revolutionary naval architect.
- CAA
- Abbreviation of Civil Aviation Authority.
- CAFE
- Corporate Average Fuel Economy
- Car
- A more common name for an automobile.
- Catalytic Converter
- An air pollution abatement device that removes pollutants from motor vehicle exhaust, either by oxidizing them into carbon dioxide and water or reducing them to nitrogen.
- Ceiling
- The overhead upper surface.
- Civil Aviation Authority
- The UK′s independent specialist aviation regulator. Its activities include economic regulation, airspace policy, safety regulation and consumer protection.
- Corporate Average Fuel Economy
- A U.S. regulation requiring auto companies to meet certain sales weighted average fuel economy levels for passenger cars and light trucks and report these numbers annually.
- Cowling
- The name of the fairing which, usually, encloses an engine on an aeroplane.
- Derated Engine
- An engine with a restricted power output.
- Drag Link Steering System
- Steering system used with solid axles.
- Dry Weight
- The weight of a machine or vehicle without its lubricants or fuel.
- E10 Ethanol
- Ethanol mixture that contains 10% ethanol, 90% unleaded gasoline.
- E85 Ethanol
- Refers to a fuel blend of 85 percent ethanol and 15 percent gasoline.
- Electric Vehicle
- A vehicle with one or more electric motors for propulsion.
- Engines
- Lists all Engines topics in the Encyclopaedia
- Ethanol E10
- Ethanol mixture that contains 10% ethanol, 90% unleaded gasoline.
- Ethanol E85
- Refers to a fuel blend of 85 percent ethanol and 15 percent gasoline.
- Evaporative Emissions
- Hydrocarbon vapours that escape from a fuel storage tank, a vehicle fuel tank or vehicle fuel system.
- Flexible Fuel Vehicle
- A vehicle that can be run on any blend of unleaded gasoline with up to 85 percent ethanol.
- Floor
- The walking surface of a room or vehicle.
- Flywheel Battery
- A battery in which the energy is stored in a flywheel, electrical energy is added or removed from the rotating flywheel using an electric motor.
- Fuel Cycle
- The processes involved in extracting a fuel in its native form, converting it to a useful product, transporting it to market, and consuming it at its final destination.
- Fuselage
- The main body of the aircraft.
- Gasohol
- Ethanol mixture that contains 10% ethanol, 90% unleaded gasoline.
- Gasoline Gallon Equivalent
- A unit for measuring alternative fuels so that they can be compared with gasoline on an energy equivalent basis.
- Grade of a Slope
- The pitch of a slope, and is often expressed as a percent tangent, or rise over run.
- Ground Clearance
- Distance between underside of a vehicle and the ground.
- HEV
- Abbreviation of Hybrid Electric Vehicle.
- Hybrid Electric Vehicle
- A vehicle powered by two or more energy sources, one of which is electricity.
- Hybrid Vehicle
- A vehicle that combines a conventional propulsion system and a rechargeable energy storage system.
- Hydrogen Fuelled Vehicle
- A vehicle that uses hydrogen stored onboard as the energy source for motive power.
- ILEV
- Abbreviation of Inherently Low Emission Vehicle.
- Inherently Low Emission Vehicle
- Any vehicle that is certified to meet transitional low-emission vehicle standards established by the California Air Resources Board and does not emit any evaporative emissions.
- Jet Engine
- An engine that discharges a fast moving jet of fluid.
- LEV
- Abbreviation of Low Emission Vehicle.
- Lever Arm Steering System
- This steering system allows large steering angles to be achieved at the wheels.
- Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers
- These are liquid pumpable, easily rechargeable and have acceptable gravimetric storage densities, similar volumetric storage densities to cryogenic liquid hydrogen.
- LOHC
- Abbreviation of Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers.
- Low Emission Vehicle
- A level of standards for tailpipe emissions.
- Micro Hybrid Vehicle
- Also known as a simple engine stop-start system as the main advantage is stopping the engine when the vehicle is stationary and then restarting the engine before pulling away.
- Mild Hybrid Vehicle
- An electric motor allows some overrun energy to be absorbed and to stop-start the engine when the vehicle is stationary.
- Natural Gas Vehicle
- Vehicles that are powered by compressed or liquefied natural gas.
- Near Neat Fuel
- Fuel that is virtually free from admixture or dilution.
- PAH
- Abbreviation of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons.
- Parallel Hybrid Vehicle
- The power may be provided by the internal combustion engine or the electric motor or a combination of the two.
- Partial Zero Emission Vehicle
- A vehicle that meets SULEV tailpipe emissions and has zero fuel evaporative emissions.
- Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons
- Aromatic hydrocarbons with two or more (up to five or six) benzene rings joined in various, more or less clustered forms.
- Power-Split Hybrid Vehicle
- The power may be provided by the internal combustion engine or the electric motor or a combination of the two.
- PZEV
- Abbreviation of Partial Zero Emission Vehicle.
- Rack and Pinion Steering
- The most common steering system on passenger cars.
- Regenerative Braking
- The absorption and re-use of energy dissipated whilst braking a vehicle.
- Ride Height
- Distance between the underside of a vehicle and the ground.
- Roll
- The oscillation of a rigid body which consists primarily of angular displacement about a central longitudinal axis with respect to its static position.
- Rolling Friction
- Another name for Rolling Resistance.
- Rolling Resistance
- The resistance that occurs when a round object such as a ball or tire rolls on a flat surface.
- Rotary Engine
- The crankshaft is fixed and the crankcase, pistons and cylinders rotate with the propeller.
- Rotor
- A rotating part.
- Specific Fuel Consumption
- The amount of fuel needed to provide a given power for a given period.
- Steering
- The collection of components, linkages, etc. which will allow for a vessel or vehicle to follow the desired course.
- SULEV
- Abbreviation of Super Ultra-Low Emission Vehicle.
- Super Ultra-Low Emission Vehicle
- A level of standards for tailpipe emissions.
- THC
- Abbreviation of Total Hydrocarbons.
- TLEV
- Abbreviation of Transitional Low Emission Vehicle.
- Total Hydrocarbons
- All of the hydrocarbon emissions from an internal combustion engine.
- Traction Battery
- A battery designed to be used to provide the power to move a vehicle.
- Transitional Low Emission Vehicle
- A vehicle that is certified to meet the TLEV emission standards established by the California Air Resources Board.
- Vehicle
- A means of transport, generally meaning an automobile.
- Vehicle Aerodynamic Drag
- Resistance of a vehicle body to motion through the air.
- Vehicle Emissions
- Harmful pollutants to the health and the environment include particulates, hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, ozone, lead, and various oxides of nitrogen.
- Wankel Engine
- A rotary engine with a rotor rotating in an oval cylinder. Named after it′s designer Felix Wankel.
- Wind Tunnel
- A tunnel with a large fan that is used by engineers to test the effects of high winds on a structure.
- Wing
- A surface that has an airfoil cross-section and is used to generate lift.
- Yaw
- The rotation of a body about a vertical axis.
- Zero Emission Vehicle
- A level of standards for tailpipe emissions.
- Zero-Length Rocket
- A rocket with sufficient thrust to launch a vehicle directly into the air.
- ZEV
- Abbreviation of Zero Emission Vehicle.
