Polarization

Electronic
For an atom, the displacement of the center of the negatively charged electron cloud relative to the positive nucleus, which is induced by an electric field.

Ionic
Polarization as a result of the displacement of anions and cations in opposite directions.

Orientation
Polarization resulting from the alignment (by rotation) of permanent electric dipole moments with an applied electric field.

See also: Plane of Polarization.

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Subjects: Chemistry Physics