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Ma- Mach Number
- The ratio of the speed of a body or flow of a fluid to the local speed of sound in the fluid.
- Mach Wedge
- The wave front semi-angle for a wake generated by supersonic motion of a body in a non-dispersive medium.
- Machine
- Any mechanical or electrical device that performs a task for people.
- Machine Tool
- A power-driven machine designed to bore, cut, drill, or grind metal or other materials.
- Machinery Vibration
- The vibration of rotating machinery may infer certain defects.
- Mackerel Sky
- The name given to cirrocumulus clouds with small vertical extent and composed of ice crystals.
- Macromolecule
- A huge molecule made up of thousands of atoms
- Macroscopic
- Anything big enough to be seen with the naked eye.
- Macrostructure
- The structure of metals as revealed by examination of the etched surface of a polished specimen at a magnification not exceeding ten diameters.
- Madelung Constant
- A constant representing the sum of the mutual potential coulombic attractive energy of all the ions in a lattice in the equation for the energy of an ionic crystal.
- Magic Square
- A square array of n numbers such that sum of the n numbers in any row, column, or main diagonal is a constant.
- Magic Tour
- If a chess piece visits each square of a chessboard in succession, this is called a tour of the chessboard.
- Magnalium
- An alloy of magnesium and aluminium used in aircraft manufacture.
- Magnesium
- A brilliant white metal, which is relatively soft and is one of the more abundant elements in the earth’s crust.
- Magnesium Fluoride
- Used as antireflection coating for lenses because of its low refractive index.
- Magnesium Oxide
- Formed by igniting Magnesium in air.
- Magnet
- A magnet is a device that produces a magnetic field.
- Magnetic Bearing
- A bearing that separates comparative rotating surfaces through the use of a magnetic field.
- Magnetic Confinement
- Method of containing a plasma or charged particles in a finite region using magnetic fields.
- Magnetic Declination
- The angle between magnetic north and true north at a given point on the Earth′s surface.
- Magnetic Field Intensity
- The force that drives the generation of rnagnetic flux in a material. it is also called magnetizing force and can be produced by the application of an electric current.
- Magnetic Field Strength
- The intensity of an externally applied magnetic field.
- Magnetic Flux
- The surface integral of the product of the permeability of the medium and the magnetic field intensity normal to the surface.
- Magnetic Flux Density
- The magnetic flux density is the product of field intensity and the permeability of the medium.
- Magnetic Hysteresis
- When a ferromagnetic material is placed in an alternating magnetic field, the flux density (B) lags behind the magnetizing force (H) that causes it. The area under the hysteresis loop is the hysteresis loss per cycle, and is high for permanent magnets and low for high-permeability, low-loss magnetic materials.
- Magnetic Moment
- This is the couple exerted on a magnet placed at right angles to a uniform field with unit magnetic flux density.
- Magnetic Monopole
- A hypothesized, isolated magnetic pole.
- Magnetic Particle Inspection
- A nondestructive method of inspection for determining the existence and extent of possible defects in ferromagnetic materials.
- Magnetic Permeability
- This indicates the ability of a material to support magnetic lines of flux. The magnetic permeability of a material is the product of the relative permeability of that material and the permeability of free space. The relative permeability of most nonferrous materials is near unity.
- Magnetic Pole
- One end of a magnet; analogous to an electric charge.
- Magnetic Saturation
- The upper limit of the abilIty of a ferromagnetic material to carry flux.
- Magnetic Susceptibility
- The proportionality constant between the magnetization and the magnetic field strength.
- Magnetization
- The total magnetic moment per unit volume of material.
- Magnetosphere
- The outermost environment of Earth, dominated by the Earth's magnetic field.
- Magnetostriction
- The change of size and/or shape of a
ferromagnetic material due to the application of a magnetic field.
- Magnification
- The enlargement of an object by an optical instrument.
- Magnitude
- The size of a vector quantity.
- Magnum
- The name of a wine bottle equivalent to the volume of 2 standard bottles or 1.5 litres.
- Mahogany
- A very hard wood that is very durable and can be polished to a fine finish with a rich colour.
- Mains Noise
- Unwanted noise in electrical signals related to mains signals.
- Major Axis
- The major axis of an ellipse is it′s longest chord.
- Majority Carriers
- The term used in transistor design to indicate the primary current-movement process.
- Malic Acid
- Another name for Hydroxybutanedioic Acid.
- Malleable
- Capable of being extended or shaped by hammering or rolling.
- Malus′ Law
- Malus′ law defines the transmitted intensity through 2 polarisers for a given angle between the transmission directions of said polarisers.
- Mammatocumulus
- An obsolete term for cumulonimbus mammatus, it is a portion of a cumulonimbus cloud that appears as a pouch or udder on the under surface of the cloud.
- Mandelbrot Set
- The most famous fractal, named after Benoit Mandelbrot. It is created by iterating an equation many times.
- Mandrel
- A precision-made tapered shaft to support work for machining between centres.
- Manganese
- A hard, brittle, silvery coloured, metallic element which resembles iron in being moderately reactive and dissolving in cold, dilute non-oxidising acids.
- Manganese Bronze
- A copper alloy containing zinc, manganese and a small quantity of nickel.
- Manganese IV Oxide
MnO2 This blackish or brown solid occurs naturally as the mineral pyrolusite. - Manganin
- Alloy with 84% copper, 12% manganese and 4% nickel used in wire form for making heating elements.
- Manometer
- A U-shaped glass tube, partly filled with a liquid, water or mercury, employed to measure pressure.
- Mantle
- The main bulk of the Earth, between the crust and the core, ranging from depths of about 40 to 3470 kilometers.
- Marble
- A granular metamorphosed limestone that is often polished and used for decoration.
- Mare Tail
- The name given to thin, wispy cirrus clouds composed of ice crystals that appear as veil patches or strands, often resembling a horse′s tail.
- Marking Gauge
- A gauge that is used to scribe a line parallel to a reference edge or surface.
- Mars
- The fourth planet from the sun in our solar system.
- Marsh Gas
- The natural occurence of methane.
- Martempering
- Quenching an austenitized ferrous alloy in a medium at a temperature in the upper part of the martensite range.
- Martensite
- Martensite is a microconstituent or structure in quenched steel characterized by an acicular or needle-lie pattern on the surface of polish.
- Masking
- A property of the human auditory system by which an audio signal cannot
be perceived in the presence of another audio signal.
- Masking Sound
- Electronically generated sound used to mask intrusive sound and enhance speech privacy.
- Masking Threshold
- A function in frequency and time below which an audio signal cannot be perceived
by the human auditory system.
- Mass
- The SI unit of mass is the kilogram.
- Mass Action Law
- The law which describes the relation between the densities of species involved in a chemical reaction.
- Mass Flow Rate
- Defines the volumetric rate with which fluids flow, maintaining the equation of continuity.
- Mass Number
- The mass number (A) of an atom is the number of protons and neutrons it has in its nucleus.
- Mass Spectrometer
- An instrument for producing ions in a gas and determining their mass and hence composition.
- Massicot
- Mineral form of Lead II Oxide.
- Material
- A physical substance used as an input to production or manufacturing.
- Material Safety Data Sheet
- Safety information sheet for a particular substance that lists physical properties, hazards, cleanup and disposal procedures, fire and explosion data, and protective equipment required.
- Mathematical Model
- A mathematical representation of a process or physical object.
- Mathematical Symbols
- Common symbols used in mathematics.
- Mathematics
- Lists all the Mathematics topics
- Mathematics Books
- Lists all Mathematics Books in the Encyclopaedia
- Mathematics Calculations
- Lists all Mathematics Calculations in the Encyclopaedia
- Mathematics Conversions
- Lists all Mathematics Conversions in the Encyclopaedia
- Mathematics Weblinks
- Lists all Mathematics Weblinks in the Encyclopaedia
- Matlab
- High-performance numeric computation language from Mathworks.
- Matrix
- A rectangular array of elements.
- Maxima
- The maxima are points where the value of a function is greater than other surrounding points.
- Maximum
- In a sample of data, the largest observation.
- maxwell
- The CGS unit of magnetic flux, equal to 1x10-8weber.
- Maxwell Equations
- Describe the relationship between electric and magnetic fields at any point in space as a function of charge density and electric current at such a point.
- Mayer Method
- A method of evaluating the propagation delay of a transmission line.
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