Bo
- Board Foot
- A unit of lumber volume, a rectangular solid nominally 12" x 12" x 1". The equivalent of a board 1-foot square and 1 inch thick.
- Boat
- A small craft that floats on water.
- Boattail
- The rear portion of an elongated body, having decreasing cross-sectional area toward the rear.
- Bobbiere Metal
- A brass made with 66% copper and 34% zinc.
- Bode Plot
- A plot of the frequency response function that includes log magnitude versus frequency plus phase versus frequency.
- Body Centred Cubic
- About 15% of elements crystallize with a body centred cubic structure.
- Body Force
- An external force acting throughout the mass of a body.
- Body Hammer
- A hammer with a large flat pounding surface for removing dents.
- Body Mass Index
- A measure of fatness used in medicine and health.
- boe
- Abbreviation of Barrel of Oil Equivalent.
- Bohman Window
- A weighting that is applied in the time domain to reduce leakage within a Fourier Transform analysis.
- Bohr Atom
- A model of the atom that explains emission and absorption of radiation as transitions between stationary electronic states in which the electron orbits the nucleus at a definite distance.
- Bohr Magneton
- b = 9.27x10-24 Am2
- Bohr, Niels
- While at Copenhagen University, Bohr, in 1922, won the Nobel Prize in Physics "for his services in the investigation of the structure of atoms and of the radiation emanating from them."
- Bohr Radius
- a0 = 5.291772x10-11 m
- Boiler
- A device for generating steam for power, processing, or heating purposes or for producing hot water for heating purposes or hot water supply.
- Boiler Dome
- A raised location on the top of the main boiler drum, providing a high point from which to collect dry steam, reducing the risk of priming.
- Boiler Suit
- Heavy-duty one-piece protective clothing.
- Boiling
- The rapid vapourization of a liquid, which occurs when a liquid is heated to its boiling point, the temperature at which the vapour pressure of the liquid is equal to the pressure exerted on the liquid by the surrounding environmental pressure.
- Boiling Point
- The temperature at which the vapour pressure of a liquid is equal to the external pressure on the liquid.
- Boiling Point Elevation
- The boiling point of a solution is higher than the boiling point of the pure solvent.
- Boiling Range
- For a mixture of substances, such as a petroleum fraction, the temperature interval between the initial and final boiling points.
- Bolide
- A brilliant meteor, especially one which explodes, a detonating fireball.
- Bollman, Wendel
- Bridge Design Engineer who patented his unique suspension truss form and became the pioneer builder of iron railroad bridges in America.
- Bolometer
- A device for measuring minute amounts of radiant energy.
- Bolt
- A cylindrical threaded fastener.
- Bolt Bound
- The situation whereby a part cannot be moved in the desired direction because of mounting hole restrictions.
- Bolt Cutters
- Cutters with strong jaws and long handles designed for manually cutting through thick steel bolts.
- Bolt of Cloth
- A standard unit of length used in the fabric industry.
- Bolted Fault
- A short circuit condition that assumes zero impedance exists at the point of the fault.
- Bolted Joint
- A joint formed between two or more pieces of material with the application of a nut and bolt.
- Boltzmann, Ludwig Eduard
- Austrian physicist famous for his contributions in the fields of statistical mechanics and statistical thermodynamics.
- Boltzmann′s Constant
- Constant named after Stefan Boltzmann. Used in the determination of energy radiation from bodies.
- Bomb Calorimeter
- A bomb calorimeter measures the enthalpy of combustion.
- Bond Energy
- The energy required to break a given chemical bond.
- Bond Enthalpy
- Enthalpy change per mole when a bond is broken in the gas phase for a particular substance.
- Bond Length
- The average distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms in a stable molecule.
- Bond Order
- In Lewis structures, the number of electron pairs shared by two atoms.
- Bond Strength
- Some measure of how difficult it is to break a chemical bond, for example, a bond energy or a bond enthalpy.
- Bondi, Sir Hermann
- Astrophysicist who helped formulate the steady-state theory of the universe - which said it has always existed.
- Bonding Energy
- The energy required to separate two atoms that are chemically bonded to each other.
- Bonding Wires
- Fine wires connecting the bonding pads of the chip to the external leads of the package.
- Bone
- Primarily based on phosphate and carbonate.
- Bone Black
- An impure animal charcoal prepared from bones and blood.
- Bookmatch
- Successive layers of veneer are arranged side by side to resemble a mirror image of each other.
- Books
- Lists all the Books referenced in the Encyclopaedia
- Boole, George
- British mathematician who devised a new form of algebra that represented logical expressions in a mathematical form now known as Boolean Algebra.
- Boolean
- Pertaining to the operations of formal logic.
- Boolean Algebra
- A system of logic dealing with on-off circuit elements associated by such operators as the AND, OR, NAND, NOR, and NOT functions.
- Boolean Operation
- Command that allows the addition, subtraction or intersection of solid objects in CAD.
- Boomy
- Listening term, refers to an excessive bass response that has a peak(s) in it.
- Boost Pressure
- The increase above atmospheric pressure produced inside the intake manifold by a forced-induction system such as a turbocharger or supercharger.
- Boot Up
- Literally, the process of loading up the operating system and getting the computer ready for use.
- Bootstrap Protocol
- Protocol that allows an Internet node to discover certain startup information, such as its IP address.
- Bore
- The interior diameter of a cylinder.
- Bore and Stroke
- The bore and stroke of the piston sets the swept volume.
- Borelli, Giovanni
- Italian physiologist, philosopher, mathematician, and disciple of Galileo who applied the latter’s principles of physics to biology, thus suggesting an experimental approach to the science.
- Boring
- Enlarging a hole that already has been drilled or cored.
- Boring Bar
- Essentially a cantilever beam that holds one or more cutting tools in position during a boring operation.
- Boring Machine
- Similar to a turning machine except that the cutting tool, rather than the workpiece, rotates to perform internal cuts.
- Born, Max
- Won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his fundamental research in quantum mechanics.
- Boron
- Boron is a non-metallic element which occurs in several allotropes.
- Boron Monoxide
B2O
Chemical compound of boron and oxygen.
- Boron Nitride
BN
Excellent thermal and chemical stability, boron nitride ceramics are traditionally used as parts of high-temperature equipment.
- Boron Suboxide
B6O
Due to its short interatomic bond lengths and strongly covalent character, it displays a range of outstanding physical and chemical properties such as great hardness, low mass density, high thermal conductivity, high chemical inertness, and excellent wear resistance.
- Boron Trioxide
B2O3
White glassy solid almost always found as the vitreous form; however, it can be crystallized after extensive annealing.
- Bose-Einstein Statistics
- Quantum statistics for particles not obeying the exclusion principle.
- Bosons
- Particles which do not obey the Pauli exclusion principle, for example, photons.
- Boss
- A projection or an enlarged section of a casting through which a hole may be machined.
- Bossing Mallet
- A hammer with a pear-shaped wooden head used for shaping and stretching metal over a sandbag or wooden block.
- Bottle
- A unit of volume.
- Bottom
- The flavor of the fifth quark.
- Bottom Ash
- Incombustible matter resulting from combustion that does not leave as fly ash.
- Bottom Dead Centre
- The position of the crank when the piston is in its closest position to the crankshaft, in its farthest position from the cylinder head. Abbreviated bdc.
- Bottom End
- The collective term for the internal combustion engine block and the components it houses.
- Bottoming
- A transistor in the fully conducting state.
- Bouch, Sir Thomas
- Railway Engineer who invented caissons and train ferries.
- Bouguer Law
- A relationship describing the rate of decrease of flux density of a plane-parallel beam of monochromatic radiation as it penetrates a medium which both scatters and absorbs at that wavelength.
- Boule
- A sausage-shaped, synthetic single-crystal mass grown in a special furnace, pulled and turned at a rate necessary to maintain the single-crystal structure during growth.
- Bounce
- A term which is used to describe the oscillations of a rigid body, for example, the sprung and unsprung masses of a vehicle, that consists primarily of vertical displacement.
- Bound of a Function
- A curve that encloses the major peaks of the envelope of a function.
- Bound State
- This is a state in which a particle is confined within a composite system.
- Boundary Element Method
- A mathematical formulation used to predict acoustic parameters such as pressure and power. This technique may be applied to interior and exterior acoustic problems.
- Boundary Layer
- The portion of a fluid flowing past a body that is in the immediate vicinity of the body.
- Boundary Lubrication
- Occurs when the load-bearing surfaces come into contact.
- Boundary Microphone
- A type of microphone that detects sound pressure level changes at a boundary of the acoustic space in order to reduce interference between direct and reflected sound.
- Bourdon Tube
- Thin-walled tube of elastic metal flattened and bent into circular shape, which tends to straighten as pressure inside is increased.
- Bow Saw
- Ideal for pruning, landscaping work and sawing firewood.
- Bow Shock
- The shock wave caused by the edge our Solar System travelling through deep space.
- Bowstring Truss
- Structural framework for supporting loads over long spans.
- Box
- A surface made up of rectangles; a rectangular parallelpided.
- Box Annealing
- Annealing a metal or alloy in a sealed container under conditions that minimize oxidation.
- Box Plot
- A graphic method that shows the distribution of a set of data by using the median, quartiles, and the extremes of the data set.
- Box Spanner
- A hollow tube with a socket at each end and two holes through which a bar can be inserted to turn the tube.
- Box Wrench
- American name for a ring spanner.
- Boxing
- The operation of continuing a fillet weld around a corner of a member as an extension of the principal weld.
- Box-Wood
- Very compact hard wood suitable for machining small parts from.
- Boyle, Robert
- Known for that scientific law named after him.
- Boyles Gas Law
- For a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature the product of pressure and volume is constant.