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Geology Topics - Aa
- A Hawaiian term for lava that has a rough, jagged, spiny, and generally clinkery surface.
- Abbe Refractometer
- An instrument for measuring directly the refractive index of liquids, minerals and gemstones.
- Absolute Age
- The geological age of a fossil, mineral, rock or event, generally given in years.
- Aclinic Line
- The line through those points on the earth′s surface at which magnetic dip is zero.
- Adhesive Tape
- A tape with a sticky substance on one side.
- Argentite
- Naturally occuring Silver Sulphide. An important ore of silver.
- Barite
- Most commonly found mineral of Barium Sulphate.
- Bedrock
- A general term for solid rock that lies beneath soil, sediments, or other unconsolidated material.
- Brass Lump
- The name miner′s would give to a large lump of fools gold.
- Buddling Dish
- A flat pan or vat used in washing ores.
- Cassiterite
- Dark coloured mineral that is an important ore of Tin.
- Fools Gold
- Name given to Iron II Sulphide due to its colour and texture.
- Galena
- A Lead Sulphide and the most common ore of lead.
- Gibbsite
- White crystalline mineral consisting of aluminum hydroxide; a constituent of bauxite and a source of alumina.
- Haematite
- A common mineral; a form of iron oxide with the formula Fe2O3.
- Hydrosphere
- All the water on the surface of a planet.
- Ice Age
- Aperiod characterised by a long term reduction in the temperature of the Earth′s climate.
- Interglacials
- The warm periods between ice age glaciations.
- Leaching
- the process by which soluble materials in the soil, such as salts and nutrients, are washed into a lower layer of soil or are dissolved and carried away by water.
- Magnetic Declination
- The angle between magnetic north and true north at a given point on the Earth′s surface.
- Meteor
- A meteoroid that has entered Earth′s atmosphere.
- Meteorite
- The remnants of a meteor after it has actually impacted the Earth.
- Mohs
- A hardness scale developed by F. Mohs in 1812 where the hardness of a material is compared with that of a mineral.
- Pitchblende
- The most important Uranium ore.
- Plate Techtonics
- Motion of the plates that make up the surface of the Earth.
- Seismograph
- An instrument for detecting and recording the intensity, direction, and duration of a movement of the ground caused by an earthquake or explosion.
- Sylvine
- Naturally occuring potassium chloride.
- Tsunami
- A giant wave set in motion by a large earthquake under or near the ocean that causes the ocean floor to shift vertically.
- Volcanoes
- Vents or fissures in the earth's crust through which gases, molten rock, or lava , and solid fragments are discharged.
 
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