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Electron The least massive electrically-charged particle, hence absolutely stable. It is the most common lepton, with electric charge -1. A unit of energy equal to the kinetic energy acquired by an electron or proton falling through an electric potential difference of 1 volt.
- Electrons surround the atom's positively charged nucleus and determine the atom's chemical properties.
- Electric Field
- In an electric field the force on an electron is given by:
- F = eE
- where
- F = force [N]
- e = electron charge [C]
- E = electric field intensity [Vm-1]
Magnetic Field - An electron moving with velocity v at right angles to a magnetic field of magnetic flux density B experiences a force F given by:
- F = Bev
- where
- F = force [N]
- B = magnetic flux density [weberm-2]
- e = electron charge [C]
- v = velocity [ms-1]
Click on an item to paste into clipboard or use clipboard symbol at end to clipboard all values | electron mass | 9.10938188e-31 | kg | Clip | | electron charge | 1.602176462e-19 | C | Clip | | electron-muon mass ratio | 4.83633210e-3 | | Clip | | electron-tau mass ratio | 2.87555e-4 | | Clip | | electron-proton mass ratio | 5.446170232e-4 | | Clip | | electron-neutron mass ratio | 5.438673462e-4 | | Clip | | electron-deuteron mass ratio | 2.7244371170e-4 | | Clip | | electron-alpha particle mass ratio | 1.3709335611e-4 | | Clip | | electron charge to mass quotient | 1.758820174e11 | Ckg-1 | Clip | | electron molar mass | 5.485799110e-7 | kgmol-1 | Clip | | Compton wavelength | 2.426310215e-12 | m | Clip | | classical electron radius | 2.817940285e-15 | m | Clip | | Thomson cross-section | 0.665245854e-28 | m2 | Clip | | electron magnetic moment | -928.476362e-26 | JT-1 | Clip | | electron magnetic moment anomaly | 1.1596521869e-3 | | Clip | | electron g-factor | -2.0023193043737 | | Clip | | electron-muon magnetic moment ratio | 206.7669720 | | Clip | | electron-proton magnetic moment ratio | -658.2106875 | | Clip | | electron-neutron magnetic moment ratio | 960.92050 | | Clip | | electron-deuteron magnetic moment ratio | -2143.923498 | | Clip | | electron gyromagnetic ratio | 1.760859794e11 | s-1T-1 | Clip |
 paste all data into clipboard Historical Notes - 1897 Electron discovered by Sir Joseph Thomson.
- 1899 Sir Joseph Thomson measures the charge on the electron, and proves that it carries the same amount of charge as the hydrogen ions in electrolysis.
- 1900 Paul Karl Ludwig Drude shows that moving electrons conduct electricity in metals.
- 1925 Pauli proposed the Exclusion Principle, no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers.
- 1927 Experiment by Davisson and Germer, and simultaneous experiment by G. P. Thompson, proved the wave behaviour of electrons.
- 1933 Electron microscope invented by Ernst Ruska.
See also: Beta Particle, Electron Affinity, Electron Capture, Electron-Positron Annihilation, Electrophile, Exclusion Principle, Hunds Rule, Lepton, Millikan Oil Drop Experiment, Muon, Neutrino, Neutron, Particle Accelerator, Physical Constants, Positron, Proton, Thomson Cross Section, Valence Electrons, Wave Particle Duality, Zero-Point Pressure.
  
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